METALS:-

COPPER:- Copper is found in every continent and produced in more than 40 countries of the world.The main producers of copper in the world are Chile, Peru, USA, China, Australia, Indonesia, Russia, Canada, Zambia, Poland, Kazakhstan and Mexico etc.

Chile is the largest producer of copper in the world. It produces more than 35 per cent of the world copper and its average annual production is 55 million metric tons. In Chile most of the copper mines are located on the western side of the Andes.

Peru The second largest producer of copper in the world is Peru. It produces 7.7 per cent copper of the world.

USA was the third largest producer of copper with 7.6 per cent of the world production, but in 2008 it became the second largest producer with 8.34 per cent of the world copper production.

Canada accounts for 3.76 per cent of the world's copper production.

In Asia, China, Indonesia, India, Malaysia, Iran, Turkey, Philippines and South Korea produce copper.

China is the fourth largest copper producer in the world and produces 6.37 per cent of the world's production.Indonesia accounts for 4.14 per cent of the world copper production and ranks 6th in the world.India produces only 0.4 per cent of the world's copper. India's copper ore reserves have been estimated at 40 crore tons, with a metal content of 51 lakh tons.

IRON ORE:- Iron Ore are rocks from which metallic iron can be extracted. It is one of the most abundant rock elements, constituting about 5% of the Earth's crust and is the 4th most common element in the world. It is abundant in Australia and mined mostly in Western Australia but is also common around the globe and is mined in around 50 countries. Almost 93% of Australia's identified iron ore resources are found in Western Australia, according to the Federal Government's Australian Mines Atlas. The quality of Australia's iron ore is considered to be some of the best in the world.

Iron ore is part of our every day lives and our modern world would look completely different without it. 98% of world iron ore is used to make steel, which accounts for over 90% of all metals used in the world. Steel is used in building for so many things, from cars, trains and ships through to the high rise buildings in our cities and the bridges that connect us. Steel is used to create pipes, cars, ships, engines, roofs, nails, nuts, bolts, tools, machinery, in building & construction, to make white goods, in manufacturing, food cans and much more.

BRASS:- Brass is a metal alloy made of copper and zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.[1] It is a substitutional alloy: atoms of the two constituents may replace each other within the same crystal structure.

By comparison, bronze is principally an alloy of copper and tin.[2] However, bronze and brass may also include small proportions of a range of other elements including arsenic, phosphorus, aluminium, manganese, and silicon. The term is also applied to a variety of brasses, and the distinction is largely historical.] Modern practice in museums and archaeology increasingly avoids both terms for historical objects in favour of the all-embracing "copper alloy".

Brass is used for decoration for its bright gold-like appearance; for applications where low friction is required such as locks, gears, bearings, doorknobs, ammunition casings and valves; for plumbing and electrical applications; and extensively in brass musical instruments such as horns and bells where a combination of high workability (historically with hand tools) and durability is desired. It is also used in zippers. Brass is often used in situations in which it is important that sparks not be struck, such as in fittings and tools around explosive gases.